Window.



PATENTED MAR. 28, 1905.

C. D. TABUR.

WINDOW.

APPLICATION FILED 00T. 2s, 1902,

4 SHEETS-SHEET l.

IIIII No. 785,778. PATENTED MAB. 28, 1905. C. D. TABOR.

WINDOW.

` APPLICATION FILED 062MB, 1902.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

---Fi w. -r

No. 785.778. PATENTED MAR. 28. 1905.

' G. D. TABOR.

WINDOW.

APPLICATION FILED 00T.25, 1902.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

PATBNTED MAR. 28, 1905.

C. D. TABOR.

WINDOW.

APPLIOATION HLBD 00T. 25, 1902.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

jy @gx/U www ivo. 785,978.

UNITED STATES iliatented March 28, 1905.

PATENT OFFICE.V

CLINTON D. TABOR. OF NEl/V YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO TABOR SASH COMPANY,OF NEWARK.l NEW JERSEY.

WINDOW.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 785,778, dated March28, 1905.

Application iled October 25,1902. Serial No. 128,791.

To all whom it may concern,.-

Beit known that l, CLINTON D. TABOR, a citizen of the United States,residing at New York, in the county and State of New York, have inventednew and useful Improvements in Windows` of which the following is aspeciiication.

This invention relates more particularly to that type of windows whichare known as "French-easement windows, in which the sash is pivoted onone of its vertical edges to the frame, so that it can be turned in ahorizontal plane for opening and closing the same.

The objects of thisinvention are to provide improved means wherebyvthesash is automatically and securely locked upon closing the same, toprovide means whereby the sash the free end of the sash and the frame.

can be easily unlocked from the inside of the window for opening thesame, and to provide efficient means for rendering the joints betweenthe same and the frame practically water and dust proof.

In the accompanying drawings, consisting of four sheets, Figure l is aninside elevation of a French-easement window embodying my improvements.Fig. 2 is a vertical section, on an enlarged scale, in line 2 2, Fig. l,showing the sash closed. Fig. 3 is a similar section showing' the sashopen. Fig. 4 is a vertical section in line l 4, Figs. l and 5, showingmore particularly the weather-strip between Fig. 5 is a horizontalsection in line 5 5, Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a detached top plan View of thefaceplate and connecting parts applied to the stool of the window-frame.Fig. 7 is a bottom plan view of one section of said plate and thesash-lifting lever mounted thereon. Fig. 8 is a fragmentary verticalsection in line 8 8, Fig. 2. Fig. 9 is a vertical section at rightangles to Fig. 8, taken in line 9 9 of the same.

Fig. l0 is a bottom plan View of the face-plate applied to the Linderside of the sash. Fig. l1 is a top plan view of one section of saidlast-mentioned face-plate and the lockingcatch mounted thereon. Fig.l2is ahorizontal section in line 12 12, Fig. 8.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout theseveral views.

The frame of the window consists, essentially, of a lower horizontalsill A, an upper horizontal jamb or head A', and vertical side jambs A2A3, connecting the head and sill.

B represents the sash, which tits into the frame and which is connectedon one of its sides or stiles with the adjacent jamb of the framebyhinges 6. These hinges are so constructed that the sash can swing in ahorizontal plane for opening and closing the same and also slidevertically for locking or unlocking the same. The ordinary butt-hinge,in which the eye on one leaf is capable of turning and sliding on thepintle of the other leaf, answers this purpose, and such a hinge isshown in the drawings. In the normal closed position of the sash thesame rests with its lower rail o on a horizontal stool (o on the sill,the outer sides of its stiles L2 If bear against vertical stops orstrips a a2, secured to the inner sides of the frame side jambs, and theouter side of its top rail b" bears against a horizontal stop or stripaf", secured to the under side of the frame-head AC The side strips amay be adjusted to the sash by screws passing through horizontal slotsL5 in said strips and entering' the side jambs, as shown in Figs. 2, 3,and 5.

C represents a faceplate, preferably of metal, which is securedlengthwise to the upper side of the stool, and D is a similar faceplatesecured lengthwise to the under side of the bottom rail of the sash.These plates are provided with cooperating shoulders which are adaptedto interlock in the closed and lowered position of the sash forpreventing the sash from swinging on its hinges. These shoulders arepreferably formed by means of a longitudinal locking-rib c, arranged onthe upper side of the stool face-plate, and a corresponding groove d,formed in the opposing sash face-plate.

E represents a lifting-lever whereby the sash is raised for disengagingits bottoni groove from the locking-rib on the stool and permitting thesash to be turned. This lever is arranged in a recess e in the stoolunderneath its face-plate and is pivoted to the under side of thelatter, so as to turn in a vertical plane at right angles to the planeof the sash. The rear arm e' of the lifting-lever projects upwardlythrough an opening c2 in the stool face-plate and into engagement withthe under side of the sash face-plate D when the sash is closed, whileits front arm e projects laterally from the inner side of the stool, asshown in Fig. 2. The lifting-lever may be pivotally supported in anysuitable manner, preferably by means of two cylindrical knuckles @4,arranged on its opposite sides and engaging with corresponding sockets ein the under side of the stool face-plate, and a coupling-bolt e,connecting the st ool face-plate and the lifting-lever in line with theaxis of its knuckles, as shown in Figs. 2, 3, and 7. The front arm ofthe lifting-lever is provided with an opening F, extending verticallythrough the same, a locking-shoulder f, arranged underneath the inneredge of said opening', and a guideway or face f', extending' lengthwisefrom the front end of the lever to the front edge of the openingtherein.

G'represents a catch whereby the sash is locked in its lowered andclosed position. This catch is pivotally mounted on the lower portion ofthe sash above the lifting-lever, so as to turn in a vertical plane, andis provided with a downwardly and rearwardly projecting hook g, which isadapted to interlock with the shoulder f of the lifting-lever, and alsowith an upwardly-projecting arm or toe-piece g', whereby the catch maybe turned for disengaging its hook from the shoulder of thelifting-lever. The preferred means for pivotally connecting the catchwith the sash consists of a transverse knuckle g2, arranged on therearside of the catch and seated in a socket g in the upper side of the sashfaceplate D, as shown in Figs. 2 and 11. While the hook of the catch isin engagement with the locking-shoulder of the lifting-lever, the frontarm of the lifting-lever bears against the under side of the stoolface-plate and is rigidly held in this position, thereby preventing thesash from being lifted and disengaging its bottom groove from thelocking-rib on the stool face-plate. When it is desired to open thesash, the catch is first turned in the proper direction for disengagingits hook from the lifting-lever, so as to release the latter, and thenthe lifting-lever is turned in the proper direction for lifting' thesash and disengaging its locking-groove from the lockingrib of thestool. The sash may now be swung inwardly on its hinges by taking holdof the knob or handle b5 on the free end thereof. This unlocking deviceis located near the iioor and can be conveniently operated by lirstmoving the foot laterally against the toepiece of the catch, therebymoving its hook forwardly out of engagement from the lifting-lever, andthen pressing the foot downwardly on the front arm of the lifting-lever,thereby raising the rear arm thereofl and the sash resting thereon. Uponswinging the sash open after the same has been unlocked the catch iswithdrawn from the opening of the lifting-lever. Upon swingingthe sashshut the hook of its catch during the last part of this movement engageswith the guidewayf' of the lifting-lever and is directed by the sameinto the opening thereof. After the sash has been swung shut it dropsand depresses the rear arm of the lifting-lever and elevates the frontarm of the same. During this movement of the lever the rear edge of itslocking-opening defiects the hook of the catch, and after this edge haspassed above the hook the latter is automatically turned by its weightinto engagement with the locking-shoulder of thev lifting-lever, therebyautomatically locking the sash in its depressed position.

H represents a stationary guide or supporting-arm whereby the sash isheld in an elevated position while turned open. The upper side orbearing face of this guide is flush with the upper side of thelocking-rib of the stool face-plate and extends forwardly from said ribat a point between the sash, hinges, and the locking device. Thesupporting-arm is preferably curved concentric with the hinges, as shownin Figs. 5, 6, and 7. Upon turning the sash open after being raised thesash rests with its lower face-plate on the supportingarm, therebypreventing the sash from dropping to its lowermost position when thesame is swung away from the face-plate of the stool and clears the same,as shown in Fig. 3. Upon swinging the sash shut it rides in its elevatedposition on the supporting-arm until it is closed and its locking-grooveis in alinement with the locking-rib of the stool. When the sash reachesits closed position, it clears the supporting-arm and drops by gravityinto its lowermost position, thereby engaging its locking-groove withthe locking-rib and also operating the automatic lock, whereby the sashis held against rising and turning.

For convenience in manufacturing and applying the stool `and sashface-plates each of these plates is made in two sections. The sections cal of these plates, applied to the stool and sash farthest from thehinges, are varied in length, according to the width of the sash; butthe face-plate sections c2 (Z2 next to the hinges, which carry the sashlocking, elevating, and supporting mechanism, are always of the samelength and applicable to sashes of different widths. By thus making thefaceplates in sections the cost of equipping' windows of differentwidths with this fixture is reduced, because the lock-carrying sectionscan always be cast from the same pattern, while the plain sections canbe stamped out of sheet metal and cut into the required lengths to suitdiii'erent widths of Windows.

In order to lock the upper part of the sash and prevent the same frombecoming warped,

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a locking and retaining device is provided, which is constructed asfollows: I represents a locking-plate arranged lengthwise between thetop of the sash and the under side of the upper jamb of the frame. Thisplate is pivoted at its rear longitudinal edge to the under side of theupper jamb, preferably by screws z', so that the plate can turn in avertical direction. The front edge of this plate is provided with adepending longitudinal flange e", which in the normal closed position ofthe sash engages against the front side of the same, as shown in Fig. 2.Upon raising the sash its upper edge bears against the under side of thelocking-plate between its pivot and its lockingflange, whereby saidplate is caused to swing upwardly. As the sash rises its upper railbears against the locking-plate at a point which is nearer its pivotthan its locking-ange, which causes the extent of movement at the freeedge of the plate to be greater than the extent of the upward movementof the sash. The parts are so constructed that when the sash reaches itsuppermost position it deflects the lockingplate upwardly sufficiently tocarry its flange above the upper edge of the sash, so as to permit thelatter to be swung inwardly from underneath the locking-plate. fhile thesash is thus swung inwardly into an open position clear of thelocking-plate it engages against the under side of a supporting-arm J,as shown in Figs. 3 and 12, whereby the locking-plate is held in anelevated position. The supporting-arm J extends forwardly from thelocking-flange and has its under side flush with the lower edge of thesaid flange. This arm is preferably curved concentrically with thesash-hinges and is of such extent that it will always rest ou top of thesash in all positions of the latter. l/Vhen the sash is again closedinto alinement with the locking-plate, the latter drops by gravity uponthe top of the sash and engages its locking-flange against the frontside of the same, thereby locking the upper part of the sash and alsoholding the same in position so as to prevent warping thereof. As thelocking-plate rises under the lifting-action of the sash this platerecedes into a recess j, which is formed in the under side of the upperjamb opposite the free end of the plate, the bottom of this recess beingbeveled from the pivot of the locking-plate toward the inner side of theframe. For the purpose of producing a compact construction the pivot ofthe locking-plate l is arranged adjacent to or in line with the outerside of the sash, and in order to permit of this arrangement of thepivot the top of the sash is beveled on its outer corner, as shown atj", Figs. 2 and 4, thereby permitting the sash to be raised freelywithout cramping the locking-plate or lifting the same' an unnecessaryextent. To enable the throw of the lockingplate to be adjusted so as toinsure lifting of its flange above the top of the sash preparatory toopening thesame, an adjustable bearing is provided on the upper edge ofthe sash for engagement with the locking-plate. This adjustable bearingpreferably consists of a screw f2, which engages at its lower threadedend in the top of the sash and bears at its upper head end against theunder side of the locking-plate, as shown in Fig. 2. Upon turning thisbearing-screw so as to raise or lower the same on the sash the extentwhich the locking-flange overhangs the upper inner corner of the sashmay be regulated for taking up wear, shrinkage, or sagging of the windowand maintaining the same in working condition.

The top of the sash is preferably covered with a metal face-plate It'for reducing the wear on the same, this plate being shaped to conform tothe beveled top ofthe sash, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4.

In order to effectually prevent water and dust from passing through thejoints between the sash and frame, weatherproof attachments areprovided, which are constructed as follows: .L represents a horizontaldeilectorflange arranged lengthwise along the lower outer corner of thesash and projecting laterally beyond the joint between the lower edge ofthe sash and the stool. This flange is preferably formed in one piecewith the face-plate on the lower side of the sash, as shown in Figs. 1,2, and 10. The under side of this deflector-lange is provided betweenits outer edge and the joint between the sash and stool with alongitudinal groove l. The water running down the outer side of the sashstrikes the flange L and is deflected outward from the joint between thesash and stool and caused to drip upon the sill beyond said joint. Anywater which tends to pass around the lower edge of the deflector-langeto the joint between the sash and stool is checked by the groove Ztherein, because the water is unable to cross said groove and reach saidjoint. This grooved flange, together with the interlocking rib andgroove between the stool and the sash, forms a double check, whicheffectually prevents water and dust from passing through this part ofthe window. The uppersash stop o3 is provided on its inner side, vwhichfaces the sash, with a horizontal rabbet m, forming a horizontalinwardly-projecting flange m on the lower inner corner of said stop. Theupper outer corner of the sash is provided with a horizontalweather-flange n, which during the closed position of the sash extendsover the stop-flange m, as shown in Fig. 2. The cooperating flanges m nform an obstruction which intercepts the incoming dust and water andprevents the same from passing through the joint between the upper endof the sash and the head of the frame. This obstruction, together withthe lockingplate Lthus renders the joint between the .top of the sashand the head of the frame IOO IIC

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practically weatherproof. For convenience the weather-fiange 11, is madein one piece with the face-plate on the top of the sash. The jointsbetween the sides or stiles of the sash and the side jambs of the frameare rendered weather tight by means of sheet metal weather-strips O O.rl`he weather-strip O is interposed between the backof the sash-stile fnext to the hinge and the adjacent side jamb of the frame, while theother strip, O, is interposed between the sash-stile b2 and the opposingstop a. Each of these strips is of an angular form and consists of aflat attaching-web 02 and a trough or gutter shaped bearing-web of,which opens toward the attaching-web. The back of the stile nearest tothe hinges is provided with a vertical slip p, and the opposing face ofthe adjacent side jamb is provided with a vertical groove p. Theweather-strip O is arranged with its flat attaching-web in the slit p ofthe hinge-stile, and its trough in the closed position of the sash isarranged to engage with the groove p of the strip O. The trough whileengaging the groove p opens toward that side of the joint between thesash and the frame which is opposite the hinge, and the edge of thetrough is within the groove 79. The weather-strip O is pivoted centrallyto its stile by a screw or pin q passing horizontally through the stileand web,'and the free edge of the trough o is preferably curved orrounded, as shown at o4, Fig. By this construction the strip O can rockin a vertical plane and also be deflected upon engaging the groove inthe frame for adapting itself to the latter and forming a tight jointbetween these parts of the sash and frame. Any dust or water which maybe driven from the outside into the outer part of the joint between thehinge-stile and the frame is intercepted by the weather-strip O anddirected into the trough thereof. This trough is of larger capacity thanthe joint between the sash and frame, whereby the dust and waterenteringthe same are conducted downwardly and discharged upon the stool and silland thence escape outside of the window. By this means the dust andwater entering the hinge-joint between the sash and frame is carriedaway as fast as it enters this joint, thereby preventing' the same frompassing through the window. The stop a is provided in its front side orface with a vertical slit 7', and the outer opposing side of thesash-stile b is provided with a vertical groove 7". The weather-strip O'is arranged with its flat attaching-web o2 in the slit fr, and itstrough-shaped web 03 is arranged to engage with the groove fr in theopposing sash -stile Z22. The trough of the strip O' is on that side ofthe fiat web so that upon closing the sash the trough opens toward theouter side of the adjacent stop a, as shown in Fig. 5. The trough of theweather-strip O is preferably of tapering or V-shaped form, and thegroove fr, which receives the same, is

of corresponding form. The flat web of the weather-strip O is pivotedcentrally to the stop bya screw or pin s, passing through theattaching-web of the strip O and the stop a. The strip O is thus capableof rocking in a vertical plane and adapting itself to the sash forforming a tight joint between the same. Any dust and rain which isdriven between the stop a and the stile 722 is intercepted by theweather-strip O and conducted by the trough thereof downwardly to thelower outer part of the window, where it escapes.

kBy the use of these improvements in 'a French-easement window the samemay be locked securely and its joints closed tightly, thus overcomingthe objections which have heretofore been urged against this kind ofwindow and rendering the same as serviceable as any other style ofwindow.

I claim as my invention;

l. The combination of a frame, a sash mounted in said frame to turnhorizontally and slide vertically, the faces on the opposing lower partsof the frame and sash having shoulders which cooperate in the lowered orclosed position of the sash, and an automatic locking device constructedto hold the sash in its lowered position and operated by the descent ofthe sash, substantially as set forth.

i2. The combination of a frame, a sash mounted in the frame to turnhorizontally and slide vertically, said frame and sash having shoulderswhich cooperate in the lowered or closed position of the sash, and alifting-lever pivoted on the frame so as to turn in a vertical plane andhaving one of its arms movable into and out of engagement with the sash,substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of a frame, a sash mounted on the frame to turnhorizontally and slide vertically, said frame and sash having shoulderswhich cooperate in the normal closed position of the sash, a liftingdevice for raising the sash and disengagingits shoulder from theshoulder of the frame, and a catch which engages with said liftingdevice and locks the sash in its lowered position, substantially as setforth.

4. The combination of a frame, a sash mounted on the frame to turnhorizontally and slide vertically, said frame and sash having shoulderswhich coperate in the normal closed position of the sash, alifting-lever on the frame for raising the sash and disengaging itsshoulder from the shoulder of the frame, and a catch on the sash forengaging with said lever and locking the sash in its lowered position,substantially as set forth.

5. The combination of a frame havinga longitudinal rib on the upper sideof its stool, a sash mounted on the frame to turn horizontally and slidevertically and provided in the under side of its lower rail with alongitudinal groove which is adapted to receive said rib, avertically-swinging lever mounted on lOC IOC

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stool, a face-plate applied to said stool and provided on its upper sidewith a longitudinal rib, a sash mounted on the frame to turnhorizontally and slide vertically, a face-plate applied to thelower railof the sash and provided on its under side with a longitudinal groovewhich is adapted to receive said rib, a liftinglever for raising thesash pivoted on the under side of the stool face-plate so as to swing ina vertical plane, and having a rear arm which projects upwardly throughan opening' in the stool face-plate into engagement with the sashface-plate and a front arm which is provided with an opening, a guidewayleading to the front edge of the lever-opening and a shoulder underneaththe rear edge of the lever-opening, and a catch pivoted on the innerside of the sash-plate so as to turn in a vertical plane and having anupwardly-projecting operating-arm or toe-piece and a depending hookwhich is adapted to pass over the guide of said lever into the openingthereof and engage with the shoulder of the same, substantially as setforth.

7. The combination of aframe, a sash mounted on the frame to turn in onedirection and slide in another direction, saidframe and sash havingshoulders which coperate in thefnormal or closed position of the sash,and an arm or guide which supports the sash in its abnormal or openposition, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination of a frame, a sash connected on one side with theframe to turn horizontally and also sliding vertically, the stool of theframe and the lower rail of the sash having shoulders which cooperate inthe normal lowered or closed position of the sash, and a supporting armor guide curved concentric with the sash-pivot and supporting the sashwhile turned open, substantially as set forth.

9. The combination of a frame provided on the upper side of its stoolwith a longitudinal rib, a sash pivotally connected on one of itsvertical sides with the frame so as to be capable of turninghorizontally and also sliding vertically and provided on the under sideof its lower rail with a longitudinal groove which is adapted to receivesaid rib in the normal closed and lowered position of the sash, and astationary arm or guide which supports the sash while turned open in araised position and which is curved fromfsaid rib concentrically withthe sash-pivot and has its top flush with the top of said rib,substantially as set forth.

10. The combination of a frame, a sash mounted on the frame to turnhorizontally and slide vertically, and a locking-plate resting on thetop of the sash and pivotally connected with the frame adjacent to oneside of the sash and provided with a flange engaging' with the oppositeside of the sash, whereby upon raising the sash the latter turns saidlocking-plate and disengages its fiange from the sash, substantially asset forth.

11. The combination of a frame, a sash mounted on the frame to turnhorizontally and slide vertically, a locking-plate arranged lengthwisebetween the top of the frame and the sash and pivoted at one end on theframe adjacent to one side of the sash while its opposite end isprovided with a flange engaging with the opposite side of the sash, anda vertically-adjustable bearing arranged on top of the Sash and engagingwith the under side of the locking-plate, substantially as set forth.

1Q. The combination of a frame, a sash mounted on the frame to turnhorizontally and slide vertically, a locking-plate pivoted to the upperpart of the frame and provided with a flange engaging with the sash, anda supporting-arm on said plate for engaging' with the top of the sashwhen the latter is open for holding the plate in an elevated position,substantially as set forth.

13. The combination of a frame, a sash pivotally connected at one sideto the frame so as to be capable of turning horizontally and slidingvertically, a locking-plate arranged between the top of the sash and theframe and pivoted at one end to the frame and provided at its oppositeend with a Iiange engaging with the sash, and a supporting-arm on saidplate arranged concentric with said pivotal connection and adapted toengage with the top of said sash when the latter is open for holding theplate in an elevated position, substantially as set forth.

14. rlhe combination with a frame having the under side of its topprovided with a recess, a sash mounted on the frame to turn horizontallyand slide vertically and having the outer edge of its top beveled, and alocking-plate pivoted on the frame opposite the bevel edge on the sashand arranged at its free end between the opposite edge of the sash andsaid recess, substantially as set forth.

15. The combination of a frame, a sash mounted on the frame to turnhorizontally and slide vertically, a rib arranged on the stool of theframe and interlocking with a groove in the bottom of the sash when thelatter is in its lower closed position, a supporting-arm projecting fromsaid rib and supporting the sash in its open turned position, alocking-plate pivoted on the upper part of the frame and engaging withthe top of the sash, and a supportingarm projecting from thelockingplate and engaging with the sash when the latter is swung open,substantially as set forth.

16. The combination of a frame provided on the under side of its headwith a rabbet and a horizontal flange below the rabbet, and a verticallyand horizontally movable sash IOO IIO

mounted on tlieframe and provided at its upper end with a horizontalflange which projects over the iiangc on the frame and into said rabbetin the closed position of the sash, said rabbet being of sufficientheight to permit the sash to effect the requisite vertical movement,substantially as set forth.

17. The combination of a frame, a sash pivoted on the frame, one of saidmembers having a groove and the other member a slit opposite saidgroove, and a Weather-strip consisting of a plate pivoted centrally atone side in said slit and provided at its opposite side with a troughwhich engages said recess in the closed position of the sash,substantially as set forth.

18. The combination of a frame provided on the inner side of one of itsside jambs with a vertical groove, a sash pivoted at one side to thegrooved jamb of the frame and provided opposite said groove with avertical slit, and a weather-strip consisting of a vertical platepivoted centrally at one side in said slit and provided at its oppositeside with a trough which engages said groove and opens toward that sideof the joint between the sash and frame opposite the pivotal connectionbetween the same, substantially as set forth.

19'. The combination of a frame provided on the inner side of one of itsside jambs with a stop having a vertical slit on its face, asash pivotedon one side to the opposite side jamb of the frame and having a verticalgroove in its free end which faces said slitted stop, and aWeather-strip consisting' of a vertical plate pivoted centrally at oneside in said slit and provided at its opposite side with a trough whichengages said groove and opens toward the outer side of said stop,substantially as set forth.

fitness my hand this 6th day of October,

CLINTON D. TABOR.

Witnesses:

XVM. OLDs WEBER, G. D. HEDDEN.

